Influenzanet is a system to monitor the activity of influenza-like-illness (ILI) via the internet with the aid of volunteers.
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Influenzanet is a system to monitor the activity of influenza-like-illness (ILI) with the aid of volunteers via the internet
http://www.influenzanet.info/
Developing the framework for an epidemic forecast infrastructure.
http://www.epiwork.eu/
The Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) bundles all research-related EU initiatives.
Developing the framework for an epidemic forecast infrastructure.
http://www.epiwork.eu/
The Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) bundles all research-related EU initiatives.
Participating countries and volunteers:
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InfluenzaNet is a system to monitor the activity of influenza-like-illness (ILI) with the aid of volunteers via the internet. It has been operational in The Netherlands and Belgium (since 2003), Portugal (since 2005) and Italy (since 2008), and the current objective is to implement InfluenzaNet in more European countries.
In contrast with the traditional system of sentinel networks of mainly primary care physicians coordinated by the European Influenza Surveillance Scheme (EISS), InfluenzaNet obtains its data directly from the population. This creates a fast and flexible monitoring system whose uniformity allows for direct comparison of ILI rates between countries.
Any resident of a country where InfluenzaNet is implemented can participate by completing an online application form, which contains various medical, geographic and behavioural questions. Participants are reminded weekly to report any symptoms they have experienced since their last visit. The incidence of ILI is determined on the basis of a uniform case definition.
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In contrast with the traditional system of sentinel networks of mainly primary care physicians coordinated by the European Influenza Surveillance Scheme (EISS), InfluenzaNet obtains its data directly from the population. This creates a fast and flexible monitoring system whose uniformity allows for direct comparison of ILI rates between countries.
Any resident of a country where InfluenzaNet is implemented can participate by completing an online application form, which contains various medical, geographic and behavioural questions. Participants are reminded weekly to report any symptoms they have experienced since their last visit. The incidence of ILI is determined on the basis of a uniform case definition.
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El virus de la gripe
El agente causante de la gripe es el llamado Myxovirus influenzae , un virus del género influenzavirus.
Existen tres tipos de virus de la gripe: los virus tipo A, B y C. Los tres virus tienen una estructura muy similar, y sus principales diferencias se deben a las proteínas de la capa exterior que están involucradas en la interacción del virus con el sistema inmunitario humano.
Los tipos A y B presentan, principalmente, dos tipos de proteínas de superficie: hemaglutininas (H) y neuraminidasa (N). El tipo C, por su parte, sólo presenta un tipo de proteína de superficie, la hemaglutinina-esterasa. Las variaciones (mutaciones) que estas proteínas pueden sufrir a lo largo del tiempo dan lugar a diferentes subtipos que se utilizan para denominar las distintas cepas.
Por ejemplo, las cepas del virus de tipo A se distinguen mediante una notación que especifica el suptipo de proteína H y N: existen 16 subtipos "H" y 9 subtipos "N" conocidos en aves, pero sólo 3 "H" y 2 "N" se dan en cepas infecciosas en el hombre.
Durante los últimos 30 años, los principales causantes de brotes de gripe en humanos fueron virus del tipo A (H1N1 y H3N2) y B.
Estructura tridimensional del virus de la gripe. Rojo: neuraminidasa. Azul: hemaglutinina. Verde: material genético (RNA). Fuente: CDC.
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La gripe: reflexiones más allá de lo evidente.
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